Early+Cold+War

**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading[|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**


 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS

- The United States appealed to the United Nations to stop the Communist move into South Korea - The United Nations and president Truman agreed. The president hoped the invasion might lead to a reunion of the two Koreas -Communist China saw the movements of the United Nations as a threat to China's security - 5 permanent members of the UN - all members of the UN have the power of veto -established to keep the peace ** || - policy that the US created in response to communism - used political, economic, and diplomatic methods - George Kennan calls for containment - this causes Harry Truman to create the Truman Doctrine ** || ||  ||  - doctrine that said that the US would help in containing the spread of communism around the world - Truman felt that the US should support anticommunists and anticommunist countries -extended aid to western Europe - they said that now they are going to contain communism around the world by using money - the are going to use money to make sure that countries are not taken over by outside countries ** || - Marshall is the secretary of state that has a plan to stop communism - the proposal that would start European reconstruction - Marshall proposed that the nations of Europe outline a comprehensive plan for their own way to recover economically - many were opposed to supporting aid for Europe -almost all non-soviet European countries received aid when the plan was signed - Marshall was awarded the noble peace prize for his rebuilding of Europe -Marshall called the United States a world power- with great power comes great responsibility - if a country has economic stability hopefully communism will not spread there - some people thought that the Marshall plan was not our problem but others thought that we are all in the same boat-if we don't help other European countries it is going to come to us ** || || -a massive transfer of essential supplies flown into Berlin - the most extraordinary peacetime military operation in history -the Soviets ended the blockade and conceded defeat -" The record day was Easter Sunday (April 16, 1949), when 1,298 flights lifted 12,940 tons of supplies into the city" -West Germany is all US and the East is all Soviet influenced and the same with Berlin -They are surrounded by the East and the Soviet Union tries to take it over and starve them out by using a blockade -the US just dropped goods and even candy out from the sky and the United States wins this - the Cold War is starting to heat up - in 1961 the Soviets build the Berlin wall from getting people not to move into Western Berlin ** || -United States and European Allies believed that a strong military and a united political front would deter the Soviets from an attack. -Formed North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949-NATO had the idea that each member of the nation would treat an attack on any other member as an attack on itself. -The US was a threat to NATO because of our increasing store of nuclear weapons. -As a result to the US's nuclear weapons, the Soviets formed the Warsaw Pact among them and their allies, and they built and tested their nuclear weapons, and the race for military dominance began. -These are the two rival clubs that are formed -NATO today includes Russia - NATO is still around today ** ||  || -Red Scare: the irrational fear of communism that swept through the United States twice during the 20th century. First one was after WWI over labor strikes and protest movements. Second was during the Cold War in the late 40's early 50's when Americans feared the rise of communism. -The Rosenberg Trial: During the second Red Scare. Julius Rosenberg was arrested for spying and providing Russia with secrets about the atomic bomb. They went to court, pleading innocent, but were all found guilty. ** || Saw the movement of UN forces into North Korea as a threat to China's security. They warned that further advance would force them to enter the war. However, UN forces pushed on, so hundreds of thousands of Chinese Communist troops attacked, driving UN troops back to South Korea. - China becomes communist and undergoes a communist overthrow - leads to some worries because the Soviet Union now has the atomic bomb ** || ||
 * **CONTAINMENT
 * George Kenean ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** || -**Joseph McCarthy used the Korean War to fan Americans' fears of communism. -He said he had a list of 205 State Department officials who belonged to the Communist Party, and although they were never proven, his claim launched a hunt for Communists that wrecked the careers of thousands of people. That brings the term McCarthyism it stands for reckless charges against innocent citizens.** || || -The Soviets stunned the world by launching the world's fist space satellite. They sent Sputnik into space and it orbited around the Earth. This meant the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the United States, so Americna scientists raced to launch a satellite. Congress had to set aside billions of dollars for space research. ** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM**
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE